Polypeptide compounds are naturally abundant and have attracted significant attention in the field of drug development due to their diverse biological activities. Research on bioactive peptides has become a central focus in pharmaceutical science, as these molecules play crucial roles in various physiological processes. In living organisms, active polypeptides are primarily produced by endocrine glands, secretory cells, and found in body fluids. They are involved in key life functions such as cell differentiation, neurohormonal regulation, neurotransmission, tumor progression, and immune modulation.
With the rapid advancement of modern technology, the methods for isolating and analyzing peptides from natural sources have significantly improved. Innovative techniques and novel approaches have enabled the discovery of new peptides with potential applications in disease prevention and treatment. These developments have broadened the scope of peptide research and opened up new possibilities for therapeutic interventions.
This paper provides an overview of the recent progress in the separation and analytical methods used for studying peptides, highlighting the evolving strategies that have enhanced our understanding of these important biomolecules. By summarizing current methodologies and emerging trends, this review aims to offer insights into the future directions of peptide research and its growing impact on medicine and biotechnology.
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