The researchers used functional magnetic resonance imaging (fMRI) technology to study how the brains of 16 healthy adults will adapt to the temporary Wernicke zone failure, which is a key area of ​​the brain involved in language understanding. They applied the transcranial magnetic stimulation (TMS) method in the middle area of ​​the fMRI scan to temporarily interrupt the normal work of the subject ’s Wernicke area. During the magnetic resonance imaging scan, the scientists will test the subjects' sentence comprehension before, during and after the implementation of TMS.
The team measured the changes in brain activity immediately after stimulating the Wernicke area. The results show that with the application of TMS, the brain activity in Wernicke's area is significantly reduced, but the secondary brain area as a "backup" is immediately activated and coordinated with each other to support the individual's thinking process to continue without affecting the brain. The performance of sentence comprehension. These "back-up" areas include the contralateral area, the brain area immediately adjacent to the damaged area, and the frontal execution area. The first two spare areas have similar brain functions as the damaged Wernicke area, but they are much less effective; the third area plays a strategic role.
In addition, because thinking itself is a networked function, when a point in the network is damaged, other adjacent areas will also be damaged. "People think about multiple brain regions when thinking, rather than a single brain region." Just said. After stopping the implementation of TMS, the injured area of ​​the brain and its surrounding area will gradually return to its original activity level, and the "backup" area will continue to work, which means that for a period of time, there will be two cortical groups at the same time Homework, which explains why sometimes TMS can improve the effectiveness of the brain.
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