6.5 Maintenance of waterway
Waterway is responsible for supplying the printing plate with water needed for water-ink balance. The less water, the better, the less influence this structure has on the subsequent process. However, if there is too little water, the water-ink balance is difficult to control, which is why it is required to be in good working condition. The following should analyze the matters needing attention in the maintenance of the water cavity through the transmission chain diagram of the waterway:
Water bucket-water bucket roller-water transfer roller-string water roller-water roller-plate-printed sheet
The water bucket is used to hold fountain solution. Because the fountain solution is acidic, the water bucket should be acidic. The fountain solution in the water hopper should be cleaned before work, otherwise the acid solution in the water hopper will become more and more concentrated due to the evaporation of water, and its corrosion effect will become stronger and stronger. The water surface in the bucket should not be too high, otherwise the fountain solution may be thrown out when the bucket roller is working. In addition, it should be noted that the water hopper may cause corrosion due to acid for a long time, so the corrosion degree should be checked regularly. Otherwise, once damaged, the fountain solution may splash on the drum and rust on the surface of the fortification drum. From the perspective of protecting the water bucket, the closer the pH value is to 7, the better.
The water bucket roller is used to control the amount of water supply, and its surface should be resistant to acid, oil repellent, and water absorption; in addition, the surface should also be clean. If the coating on the surface of the water bucket roller is damaged, it will affect the water supply; therefore, if it is damaged, it should be replaced in time. If there is ink or oil on the surface, it needs to be wiped off in time, otherwise it will affect the stability of the water supply.
The function of the water transfer roller is to transfer the water on the water bucket roller to the rate water roller. If the force is uniform on both sides, it can ensure the smooth transmission of the fountain solution. The surface of the water glue fleece should be even, there should be some places where there is no fleece, and some places are not. If this situation occurs, it should be replaced in time. The surface of the water rubber fleece should be kept clean, and if there is any dirt, it should be removed in time and cleaned every day.
The function of the water roller is to smooth the fountain solution in both circumferential and axial directions. The requirements for the surface of the water roller are the same as those of the water bucket roller.
The role of the water roller is to supply fountain solution directly to the surface of the printing plate. The quality of its work directly affects the quality of the printed matter. Its requirements are stricter than the water transfer roller. In addition, the pressure between it and the printing plate should be strictly controlled. If it is too large, it will easily form an impact, while if it is too small, it may affect the water output.
The non-Chinese part of the surface of the printing plate should have good water absorption, while the graphic part repels water. However, the abrasion of the surface of the printing plate may destroy its hydrophilicity during printing, so the pressure between the ink roller and the printing plate and the pressure between the rubber and the printing plate should be strictly controlled. Also pay attention to the protection of the printed version.
The blanket itself should repel water, but it will always transfer some of the water from the printing plate to the paper. For the blanket, the poorer the water absorption of the surface, the better, and the stronger the ink absorption, the better. If this characteristic is destroyed, the blanket needs to be replaced.
The printed sheet is the end of the waterway. From the perspective of the printed sheet, the smaller the water, the smaller the expansion. Generally speaking, the offset coefficient of offset paper is large, and the amount of water should be reduced. The coated paper has a strong resistance to expansion, and its water volume can be relaxed.
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