Cancer is one of the major diseases that threaten human health in today's world. In addition to traditional cancer treatments such as surgery and chemotherapy, the use of gene-mutated viruses that selectively proliferate tumors to treat cancer is a newly developed treatment. Scientists all over the world are looking for and testing virus strains that can selectively kill cancer cells, and developing cancer virus therapy from basic research to clinical trials.
In the practical application of cancer virus therapy, there is a prominent problem, that is, the immune system of the patient's body will produce antibodies to kill foreign useful viruses. Scientists from Krasnoyarsk State Medical University in Russia, the University of Ottawa in Canada, and Jennerex Biotherapeutics in the United States have discovered through research that nucleic acid aptamers (Aptamer) can be used to solve this problem. Related research results were published in the Journal of the American Chemical Society, Issue 134, 2012.
The nucleic acid aptamer is an oligonucleotide fragment obtained from a nucleic acid molecule library by simulating natural evolution artificial screening technology (SELEX), which can bind to the target with high specificity and selectivity. Scientists from Russia, Canada and the United States have successfully obtained aptamers that can bind to antibodies to vesicular stomatitis virus (a type of oncolytic virus). Because the aptamer binds to the virus antibody, "blocking" its effect, the virus can selectively reach the cancer cells and replicate, and eventually kill the cancer cells. Animal test results show that the aptamer is not toxic and immunogenic.
The research on nucleic acid aptamers will hopefully open up new methods and approaches for the early diagnosis and targeted therapy of cancer. Of course, there is still a long way to go from the laboratory test results to practical applications.
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